Fair question.What are they?
The principle of the second amendment
"Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia, and to use that arm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home."
From a practical lens, I am worried that the government, criminals, illegals, etc. may wish to push into my home and that with the threat (or actual carry) of weapons, that is FAR less likely to happen.
The Covid-19 lockdowns and mandates, show how close we came to actually pushing into people's homes and politicians were like "oops".
Self-defense and deterrent against the authoritarian motion. Simple and clear.
For Concealed Carry, practically, why do I need to walk around downtown Nashville, Holland, MI, Chicago, Gary, IN, Midtown Manhattan, SF, etc. with a concealed gun? If I need that, then I have no issue in background checks, being regulated, etc. My issue is less about myself, but the other person. What other person with issues such as this person, may have a gun and if I should as look at the person that the way s/he feels is "offensive", then they could pull the gun on me - in public. Yes, I want that regulated.
There is also an electoral consideration to this. Independents, may not choose to have a gun, but they can understand the "why" and preservation of the Right. Having guns on Madison avenue - then you have a vigilante, or worse, dynamic. Hard to persuade the middle on this. Very hard.